Urban Heat Island and Its Interaction with Heatwaves: A Review of Studies on Mesoscale

With rapid urbanization, population growth and anthropogenic activities, an increasing number of major cities across the globe are facing severe urban heat islands (UHI). UHI can cause complex impacts on environment human health, it may bring more effects under heatwave (HW) conditions. In this paper, a holistic review is conducted to articulate findings synergies between HW corresponding mitigation measures proposed by research community. It worth pointing out that most studies show areas vulnerable than rural during HWs, but opposite also observed in some studies. Changes energy budget drivers discussed compared explain such discrepancies. Recent indicate albedo, vegetation fraction irrigation lower temperature HWs. Research gaps topic necessitate concerning developing countries. Moreover, multidisciplinary considering factors as UHI, HW, comfort, pollution dispersion efficacy should be provide accurate explicit guidance planners policymakers.